Junk Food in School

Junk Food in School The article is about the school policy on junk food. In April 2014, the Department of Agriculture banned junk food sales at schools in the United States. In particular, the ban limits school cafeteria and  vending machine  from offering or selling students of foods that are high in fats, sugar, and calories or â€Å"junk food†. Junk food according to USDA is responsible for making millions of schoolchildren obese, a condition that is associated with a number of health  problems. Good examples of junk foods are soda, cheesecakes,  hotdogs, candies, potato chips, and any food that has little or no nutritional value. Study of obesity suggests that overweight and obese people are at risk of diabetes, coronary heart disease, a certain type of cancer, and tend to have a shorter life. Children with weight equal or greater than the 95th percentile are obese and likely to acquire a long-term chronic disease and psychosocial development problems. Poor food choices and consumption of junk food, a widely available, inexpensive, and effectively promoted on television and other media often cause obesity. Obesity, according to study is a disease linked to children’s poor nutrition and significant time spent on watching television. Junk food, on the other hand, is linked to weight gain and insulin resistance and therefore increased the risk of obesity and Type 2 diabetes. School Policy on Junk Food Evidently, there was no national policy regarding junk food in the United States before 2014 and therefore no reason for schools to create an internal policy on this matter. In fact, according to 2006 survey, only 25% of schools had a school  policy regarding junk food while a quarter of schools are developing #JunkFoodKids by allowing promotion and consumption of chocolate candy, cookies, pastries, baked goods, and soft drinks in schools. Some schools earned from vending machines that are so popular for their junk food content while others sell junk foods to the community so they can raise money. Schools with the junk food policy are commonly against vending machines and selling foods with little or no nutritional value. They raised funds from selling vegetables and fruits. The national policy restricting the sale of junk food at schools is a challenge to the majority of schools to create policies that could make a difference such as a junk-free school environment. Their role as educators should include teaching students on appropriate health choices, provide knowledge and encourage students on the benefits of nutritious food and exercise. You may be interested in: Remembering Our First Stage of Education Womens Right to Education Teachers and school staff are role models and therefore must be at the forefront of the junk food free school campus initiative. Operators of school cafeterias and vending machines should start thinking about students’ well-being rather than sales and profit. Teachers should be familiar with how junk food is marketed to kids, recognize junk food from tables, and the difference between subtle and not so subtle junk food. Similarly, school officials may consider a wellness policy that includes more innovative fundraising strategies, fairs, field trips, and athletic competitions. More importantly, they should not fall for advertising money and firmly reject the promotion of junk foods in their respective schools.

Prehistoric Life During the Silurian Period

Prehistoric Life During the Silurian Period The Silurian period only lasted 30 or so million years, but this period of geologic history witnessed at least three major innovations in prehistoric life: the appearance of the first land plants, the subsequent colonization of dry land by the first terrestrial invertebrates, and the evolution of jawed fish, a huge evolutionary adaptation over previous marine vertebrates. The Silurian was the third period of the Paleozoic Era (542-250 million years ago), preceded the Cambrian and Ordovician periods and succeeded by the Devonian, Carboniferous and Permian periods. Climate and Geography Experts disagree about the climate of the Silurian period; global sea and air temperatures may have exceeded 110 or 120 degrees Fahrenheit, or they might have been more moderate (only 80 or 90 degrees). During the first half of the Silurian, much of the earths continents were covered by glaciers (a holdover from the end of the preceding Ordovician period), with climatic conditions moderating by the start of the ensuing Devonian. The giant supercontinent of Gondwana (which was destined to break apart hundreds of millions of years later into Antarctica, Australia, Africa and South America) gradually drifted into the far southern hemisphere, while the smaller continent of Laurentia (the future North America) straddled the equator. Marine Life During the Silurian Period Invertebrates. The Silurian period followed the first major global extinction on earth, at the end of the Ordovician, during which 75 percent of sea-dwelling genera went extinct. Within a few million years, though, most forms of life had pretty much recovered, especially arthropods, cephalopods, and the tiny organisms known as graptolites. One major development was the spread of reef ecosystems, which thrived on the borders of the earths evolving continents and hosted a wide diversity of corals, crinoids, and other tiny, community-dwelling animals. Giant sea scorpions - such as the three-foot-long Eurypterus - were also prominent during the Silurian, and were by far the biggest arthropods of their day. Vertebrates. The big news for vertebrate animals during the Silurian period was the evolution of jawed fish like Birkenia and Andreolepis, which represented a major improvement over their predecessors of the Ordovician period (such as Astraspis and Arandaspis). The evolution of jaws, and their accompanying teeth, allowed the prehistoric fish of the Silurian period to pursue a wider variety of prey, as well as to defend themselves against predators, and was a major engine of subsequent vertebrate evolution as the prey of these fish evolved various defenses (like greater speed). The Silurian also marked the appearance of the first identified lobe-finned fish, Psarepolis, which was ancestral to the pioneering tetrapods of the ensuing Devonian period. Plant Life During the Silurian Period The Silurian is the first period for which we have conclusive evidence of terrestrial plants - tiny, fossilized spores from obscure genera like Cooksonia and Baragwanathia. These early plants were no more than a few inches high, and thus possessed only rudimentary internal water-transport mechanisms, a technique that took tens of millions of years of subsequent evolutionary history to develop. Some botanists speculate that these Silurian plants actually evolved from freshwater algae (which would have collected on the surfaces of small puddles and lakes) rather than ocean-dwelling predecessors. Terrestrial Life During the Silurian Period As a general rule, wherever you find terrestrial plants, youll also find some kinds of animals. Paleontologists have found direct fossil evidence of the first land-dwelling millipedes and scorpions of the Silurian period, and other, comparably primitive terrestrial arthropods were almost certainly present as well. However, large land-dwelling animals were a development for the future, as vertebrates gradually learned how to colonize dry land. Next: the Devonian Period

Research Method Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Method - Research Paper Example Accordingly, it has been recognized that various short term financial instruments provides the options that help to minimise the possible loss from the transaction. The purpose of the study is to investigate the affect of fluctuation of exchange rates in the revenue of businesses especially in USASuperCars context. Moreover, the aim of the study is also to investigate the risks that the bank will undertake to measure adverse effect of exchange rate fluctuations. Correspondingly, the paper intends to analyse the current financial position of the USASuperCars. Additionally, an assessment is conducted with the aim of having a better understanding about the involvement of the bank in operating its businesses. The USA Sports Cars engaged in selling of luxury sports cars and the HSBC bank as the sources to measure the exchange rates in order to measure the fluctuation rate. Moreover, the fluctuations may either increasing or decreasing in the given time span. Thus to conclude table has also been drawn in order to reflect from Japan, UK, Canada, USA and South Africa among others to show the quantity of cars sold during the period. Furthermore, current exchange rates are also taken into consideration to measure the profit and loss for the HSBC. USASuperCars is the luxury sports car manufacturer and distribution company. The company is recognised as a global organisation having distribution channel around the world. Besides, high transaction in the global market has led to high reliance of the company over the international currency markets volatility and fluctuations. The prime aim of the company is to provide luxury cars to millions of inhabitants across a world. Company fixes the selling prices in terms of local currencies on the basis of the exchange rate that is prevailing during the delivery time. In the current scenario, the company experienced difficulties with respect to uncertainty in the exchange rates. The company is required to select

Improving Organizational Performance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Improving Organizational Performance - Essay Example In order to effectively implement process improvement process in the department, it is essential to first realize the exact meaning of the term. Process improvement process or PIP has been defined as – â€Å"a method to introduce process changes to improve quality, reduce costs, or accelerate schedules† (Mohapatra, 2012, p.43). Hence it represents a number of steps that need to be considered for the organization, which will â€Å"identify, analyze and improve† the existing processes and problems within the company.It is essential that a specific method is followed for this purpose by the entire management. Also, it would be suggested to take advantage of the most advanced and current technologies and processes for improving the quality and safety in the production department of the organization.   Safety training is considered as one of the most effective means to achieve safe production in an organization. It has been obtained that safety training allows an organization to achieve improvement in safety management level, and helps the management to achieve improvement in safety quality, safety skills, and safety consciousness. For this purpose, advanced training methods can be used combining them with the needs of the organization, with continuous improvement being the central issue focused on the innovation and development of the processes.  However, there are some problems that are associated with safety training.  

Strategies for Vicarious Trauma

Strategies for Vicarious Trauma Frances Roulet Vicarious Trauma and Compassion Fatigue Professional Quality of Life, ProQOL 5. The ProQOL 5 was an easy and short-timed instrument to respond to. Based on the responses and personal scores the results were given as follows: Compassion Satisfaction: 47 High Burnout: 15 Low Secondary Trauma Stress: 19 Low The obtained scores in this instrument revealed that in the subscale of Compassion Satisfaction indicated a 47 score, which means that there is a high level of satisfaction in deriving pleasure of being able to do my work, and perceive high level of pleasure in helping others through my work. In the Burnout sub-scale indicated a 15 score, which means there is a low level of elements of compassion fatigue associated with feelings of hopelessness and difficulties in dealing with work or doing effectively my job. On the other hand, the subscale of Secondary Traumatic Stress scored 19 points, which means there is a low possibility of developing problems due to the exposure to other’s extreme or traumatic events is low, therefore, there is no real secondary exposure symptoms interference. Two areas to prevent and avoid vicarious trauma. Although, the overall results of this instrument indicated a very good handle of my professional quality of life, there is two areas where I believe there should be preventive measure to avoid developing and suffering from vicarious trauma. And, even though, these subscales are under control, they are exposed and can create a mayor problem to me if they are unattended. These areas are burnout and compassion satisfaction. I selected compassion satisfaction because if the environment where I work is not adequate or not supportive (referring to the administrative system) or if the lack of personal or professional satisfaction provokes feelings of restlessness or not being productive then I begin to feel bored. There is no sense in working in a place where there is no meaning or being productive, therefore, there is not satisfaction in working. Then, I begin to have an internal struggle where I end up feeling negative effects, such as, hopelessness and difficulties in dealing with the la ck of internal motivation and performing my job effectively. If there is no challenge and space for growth. The feeling that your effort is worth nothing or makes no difference it would push me to the limits. Justification of two strategies to avoid vicarious trauma. According to Bride, Radey Figley (2007) in their investigation indicated that there is a high prevalence level of trauma exposure within the general population, social workers encounter high level of professional contact with traumatized clients. In their investigation the general population indicated that a lifetime prevalence of exposure to traumatic events was identified from a 40 percent to an 81 percent. Moreover, the clients from outpatient mental health reported within their information history of exposure to traumatic events, and these were from an 82 percent to a 94 percent; along with a 31 percent to a 42 percent classifying with criteria for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (Bride, Radey Figley, 2007). According to Bride, Radey Figley (2007) and their findings clinicians should be spending more time in getting involved in leisure, self-care among other activities, such as spirituality activities, in order to enhance quality of life. Indeed, the need of disengagement strat egies becomes one of the most important strategies in order to proceed in a positive manner (Figley, 1995). For example, setting the boundaries in your work environment, setting up rituals, such as utilizing music and humor or using motivational breaks during the day. Utilizing self-statements, such as, â€Å"it is not my problem or responsibilities, tomorrow will be another day, among others (Gerding, 2012). Furthermore, using strategies to gain a sense of productiveness and achievement, in which the clinician sets-up achievable standards goals, trust colleagues assessments, tolerance setbacks and make self-statements, such as under the circumstances I did my best or I can only do so much. Subsequently, you can also use the strategies for health and stress reduction, in which we can require adequate rest and relaxation, eat healthy and exercise (Figley, 1995). Last but not least of the strategies, you may build a sense of satisfaction by reviewing life and asking yourself â€Å"w here am I now†, â€Å"where do I start† and â€Å"where will I end my career†. Procedure of desensitization of trauma, may be used in order to better access memory (Figley, 1995). Controlled empathy influence the development of vicarious trauma. The vicarious trauma syndrome can be developed by anyone in the helping field. It characterizes by a set of symptoms that uses controlled empathy while being exposed to listening or seeing traumatic events. Izzo Carpell-Miller (2009) discussed in their article the importance of controlled empathy, these researchers explained that controlled empathy is being used as an instrument to empower awareness around and it’s the neurological process that contributes to the syndrome of vicarious trauma. For example, when a person is listening to a traumatic event, the brain and the body can be observed that it is not calm, they manifest non-verbal communication. The person listening is absorbing all type of shocking communication, nevertheless, their response is constrained and directed to aid the person who is in pain and suffering. Although, there are two types of empathy, known as controlled empathy and automatic empathy, they are not the same because they have different neurological process in the brain. Controlled empathy process is simply automatic empathy interrupted, that affects the professionals physiological, cognitions, emotions and spiritual health (Hodges Wegner, 1997; Izzo Carpell-Miller, 2009). The brain pattern perceived by an activation of the visual cortex, as the listener hears the traumatic events he/she begins to visualize the events as if they are actual protagonists of the event (Hodges Wegner, 1997; Izzo Carpell-Miller, 2009). The process occurring in the brain at the present time is that the right hemisphere of the brain activates mirrors neurons, which automatically flow routing itself to the left side of the brain, but other brain chemicals hold them back. This process occurs internally and manifests in the behaviors’ of the professionals, when she/he remains calm, cool and collected in front of the client. Basically therapeutic empathy may develop a paradox, because the client wished to be understood, seen and accepted. Strategically controlling the attention of the client becomes essential within treatment process. But, constant controlled empathy can also be hurtful provoking a counterintuitive for each and one of us. When a therapist recognizes that empathy hurts, the clients has been observed how their conflicts has affected them in all aspects, and also how these continue to play throughout the therapeutic relationship and the client’s life. Once the therapist empathy seems to be compromised and getting in the way of treatment progress, therefore, therapist affective attunement begins to play a role in the present relationship. The therapist must recognize a disruption in the interpersonal process between the client and therapist, and addressing what has happened. The main therapeutic idea here is to change the therapeutic conversation from whatever issue was being addressed to focus on the immediate experience of engagement with the therapist. Otherwise, this disengagement can cause interpersonal disruption and trauma. References Bride, B., Radey, M. Figley, C. (2007). Measuring compassion fatigue. Clinical Social Work Journal, 35(3): 155–163. Figley, C. R. (1995). Compassion fatigue: Coping with secondary traumatic stress disorder in those who treat the traumatized. New York: Brunner/Mazel. Gerding, A. (2012). Prevention of Vicarious Trauma: Are coping strategies enough? Master of Social Work Clinical Research. http://sophia.stkate.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1027context=msw_papers . Izzo, E. Carpell-Miller, V. (2009). Vicarious trauma: The impact of controlled empathy. http://www.selfgrowth.com/print/588454. Hodges, S. Wegner, D. (1997). Automatic and controlled empathy. In: Ickes, W. J. Empathic accuracy. Pp. 311-339. New York: Guilford.

Love in the Western World

This paper will trace in general the different views on love as expressed by the different speakers in Plato’s Symposium and explore in detail the theories of Eros, Philia, Storge and Agape and the bearing it has on the notions of erotic love, filial love, sacrificial love and spiritual love. Another area that will be drawn into focus is the theory of â€Å"platonic love† based on Plato’s hypothesis. The context of the symposium is a get-together of the students of Socrates who get to talking and decide to take turns and speak in praise of Eros, the God of Love. Of the speakers Phaedrus speaks first and talks about the virtuosity Eros promotes in those who experience love. He talks about the awareness that true love can inspire in humans so that man becomes conscious of the noble qualities of honor, loyalty, courage and fidelity. Pausanius is the next to speak and dwells on the different kinds of love, from the common banal love to the higher, spiritual kind of love. The earthy love is not as noble as the intellectual love which is more faithful and elevates the mind and is completely devoid of desire. According to him the pursuit of higher knowledge and wisdom is the more honorable and the wantonness of physical love is shameful. Eryximachus talks about the concept of good love that helps man to be judicious and methodical. Eryximachus is a doctor and philosopher and talks about love beyond relationships, about intellectualism, the love of ideas, concepts and the fine arts like music. He speaks of the advantages love brings to humans, the most important being the ability to discern between honor and dishonor. He believes that there are opposing kinds of loves in every living being including animals and plants. However, true love is achieved through a synthesis of these opposing elements and that it can be the fountain and source of power, friendship and happiness (Plato’s Symposium). Aristophanes, the jester and humorist came up with the concept of love as man in search of his soul mate and partner in order to feel one complete whole. He talks about man being split into half by Zeus for threatening to over run the Gods. Later Zeus modified his terrible act and allowed the two halves to marry as man and woman. It is said that ever since the two halves have been in search of the other. Socrates himself speaks last of all and talks of love as being the human desire for knowledge, wisdom and beauty. Love is the desire for what is beautiful and may not necessarily mean beauty in itself. According to Socrates love is the mere interface between what he desires and the object of his desire. When man has achieved real love he will be able to create beauty, conceptualize perfection and become wise and virtuous. In Greek mythology Eros is one of the three oldest Gods along with Cronos and Chaos and stands for love. The word ‘erotic’ is derived from the God of love, Eros, who encourages and endorses all those who seek him to perform acts of virtue and merit. As has been mentioned before, all those present at the party or symposium have laid down their postulates and have spoken about different kinds of love and what it does for man. To further explore the concept of the various kinds of love let us consider the broad definition of these categories: Agape, Storge, Philia and Eros. Agape stands for spiritual love, the kind of love God has for his creatures and the love man strives to return. This kind of love transcends physical boundaries and is a higher form of love which finds fulfillment in just being there. It kindles spirituality and is perfection itself. Nothing can tarnish this kind of love and to most mortals seems almost impossible to attain. We can find examples of this kind of love in Christianity. In literature, I have found this kind of love being depicted in certain kinds of love lyrics that belong to the Renaissance age. In Petrarch’s poetry for instance, the poet’s object of desire, the enigmatic Laura, is continually shown as someone unreachable. Laura’s eyes are compared to stars; her face is often described as being so radiant as to make looking at her impossible. This imagery often ties up with how the apprehension of God is described in Christianity. Here, the conflict between Eros and Agape is continually present. The poet often feels helplessly tied between the demands of the earthier, physical Eros and the spiritual, the allegedly purer kind of Agape (Houston). Storge is synonymous with love that engenders sacrifice and purity. This is the kind of love parents feel for their children. This kind of love does not wait for reciprocity to grow and is there notwithstanding. The story of Abraham and Isaac is an interesting biblical instance of these two kinds of love where Storge is compelled to be sacrificed for the greater Agape. In order to prove the full extent of his Agape, his total devotion to God, Abraham is asked to sacrifice the thing he loves most. This happens to be Abraham’s son Isaac, the person for who he feels the greatest Storge. In the biblical context, Agape is undeniably higher than Storge. Abraham is therefore first made to prove the full extent of his Agape before God relents and lets him keep the object of his Storge. Other instances of pronounced Storge in literature include the love Cordelia feels for her father, King Lear in Shakespeare’s play. In this case however the Storge is made to complete its sacrifice in a sense because both the king’s beloved daughter and the king himself die in the end. Philia, or brotherly love, exists between friends, brothers and neighbors. This kind of love helps people to bond closely without being passionate or amorous. This kind of love prompts the feeling of camaraderie and brotherhood. A good example at hand would be the kind of love soldiers have amongst each other, where they bond intimately and share their joys and sorrows together without a hint of any physical attraction or manifestations. In Greek history, I have noticed the love depicted in the story of Damon and Pythias to be of this form. In the legend Damon and Pythias both survive Dionysus’ wrath because of their intense love for each other. But in another tale from the bible, the ending is not nearly as fortunate. Cain and Abel, sons of Adam and Eve, at first loved each other in the truest sense of Philia. However, with the preference God showed for Abel’s sacrifice of animals over Cain’s agricultural offerings, Cain’s love turns to intense jealousy and he ends up killing Abel. This is possibly the best known example of Philia getting overturned. Eros is passionate love, which can in most cases be closely linked to physical attraction and sexual love. Eros is often closely associated with the animal kingdom and therefore classically considered to be a lower form. Eros can often contend with Agape as we have seen earlier. And a popular example of this is in Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet. The love that the two young nobles feel for each other is no doubt arising from a certain attraction, or Eros. And yet the manner in which they express their love for each other in a language that is similar to that of Agape. Romeo and Juliet address each other in abject terms, making it a love not of equals but of one subservient to the other. This of course is one of the most common features of Agape. Although classically Eros is considered to be a lower form than Agape, as we have seen discussed in the Symposium, I personally feel this is not entirely fair. It is true that people often consider it nobler to love a person without wanting to possess him or her in a physical or earthly way. By implication this means that a person loves someone for more than their physicality, that is to say a love founded on something deeper than superficial beauty. This is true in theory, but not always in practice. We often find that the Agape is more often than not directed towards someone of higher social standing, or towards a woman who is unreachable, like a noblewoman or even the queen. This amounts to nothing short of sycophancy sometimes. Is it then less hypocritical than loving someone for their appearance? Eros is also equated with the animal kingdom and is therefore considered â€Å"lower. † But why should something, that takes place in the natural world, be considered lower? If animals love each other erotically, does it not make it a more natural, or even a â€Å"higher† love? After all this kind of love is based on the truth of the body’s responses to the beloved; if someone is beautiful and attractive physically, why should it be wrong to feel attraction or love for this person? Even if it is based only on appearances, Eros is more genuine. There is no verbal intrusion that allows lovers to lie to each other or praise each other in hollow terms. Philia too I think is often under-rated in the present generation. Friends can often feel a lot of love between them without it being the Erotic or even the Agape type of love. We have been brainwashed by popular movies and books into always expecting friendships to turn into love as that fits in with the perfect happy ending of the plot. But why should this be? Why is simple, platonic love that expects nothing physical or romantic in return be less of a love than any other kind? After all, is it not nobler for two friends to love each other in spite of the fact that they have nothing physical or romantic to gain from each other? Storge also is often under-appreciated in popular culture. Love that exists within families has become such a rare instance in the days of divorce and estrangement that perhaps more of art needs to depict it now, more than ever. People seem to forget that our families are what we are born into. We carry our parents’ genes and share them with our siblings and nothing or no one else can ever change that. It is true that we are often unfortunate in this regard and there are many children brought into this world in an unloving family, but even so the love that exists between members of the family is something that precedes life itself. Just to think about what a pregnant mother endures for nine months and so many years following the birth, is enough to prove the argument. In conclusion, I think it is fruitless to spend hours debating on which form of love is higher than the others because each kind of love, whether borne out of devotion, lust, filial ties or friendship, is a distinct kind of love. A sort of love that is unique to itself and therefore deserving of special attention. Instead of trying to compare them it is perhaps best to be grateful to know that they all exist.

The Basic Principles Of Ancient Chinese Philosophy

The Chinese region is profound and quite extensive. In Chinese culture and history, Taoism, Buddhism and Confucianism seem to blend together. In the Shang Dynasty around 2000 BC, the people of China were polytheistic, worshipping many gods at a time. People of this time worshipped their own ancestors as gods, as they believed they became like gods after dying. The basic principles of ancient Chinese philosophy consisted of five features: spiritual existence, morality, harmony, intuition, and practice. The philosophies before the Qin era were marked by various ancient philosophical views. Most influential of these views were those of Confucianism, Legalism, Taoism, and Mohism. According to Laurence Thompson, author of Chinese Religion: An Introduction: In China, people did not belong to an institutionalized sect, nor did their religious life have anything to do with signing articles of faint. Religion in China was so woven into the broad fabric of family and social life that there was not even a special word for it until modern times, when one was coined to match the Western term. (Thompson 1) Thus, Chinese religious culture is a profound and deeply intricate part of Chinese life even today. Most of China’s ancient beliefs still exist today and, because of it’s great size and population, subsequently has a larger impact on the modern world than one might think. Although ancient Chinese philosophers studied different kinds of philosophical issues based on experience andShow MoreRelatedThe Life and Work of Confucius Philosophy Essay Confucius1052 Words   |  5 PagesConfucius Philosophy Essay Confucius (551 – 479 BCE), was a thinker, political figure, educator and founder of the Ru School of Chinese thought. Confucius was born at Shang-ping, in the country of Lu. His given name was Kong, but his disciples called him Kong-fu-tse, (i.e. Kong the Master, or Teacher.) 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